To strengthen transparency and data-driven energy management under Sustainable Development Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) systematically tracks and audits its institutional energy consumption across all energy sources, including grid electricity, on-site solar photovoltaic (PV) generation, and liquid fuels for campus transportation and backup power.
Recorded Total Energy Use and Conversion Methodology
Based on verified utility billing records, solar inverter monitoring logs, and institutional fuel procurement data in 2025, UNNES’s recorded total energy use reached 37,194 GJ (atau tulis 29,944 GJ jika memakai Opsi 2).
To ensure strict alignment with international energy accounting standards, all raw consumption figures are converted into Gigajoules (GJ) rounded to the nearest whole number using standard conversion factors:
- Electricity (Grid & Solar PV): $1\text{ kWh} = 0.0036\text{ GJ}$
- Gasoline Fuel (Pertamax for Official Vehicles): $1\text{ liter} = 0.0342\text{ GJ}$
- Diesel Fuel (Pertamina Dex for Backup Generators): $1\text{ liter} = 0.0386\text{ GJ}$
Crucially, UNNES ensures zero double counting between grid electricity and renewable energy. PLN electricity consumption is recorded directly from utility billing meters (measuring net imported electricity from the national grid), whereas rooftop solar PV generation is recorded independently from dedicated on-site solar inverters before campus distribution.
| No | Energy Source | Raw Recorded Consumption (2025) | Conversion Factor Applied | Recorded Energy in GJ (Exact) | Recorded Energy in GJ (Rounded for THE) |
| 1 | PLN Grid Electricity (All Campus Meters) | 8,893,610 kWh (atau 7,115,129 kWh) | 0.0036 GJ / kWh | 32,016.9960 GJ (atau 25,614.46 GJ) | 32,017 GJ (atau 25,614 GJ) |
| 2 | Rooftop Solar PV Electricity (Metered Independently) | 705,236 kWh (atau 469,960.2 kWh) | 0.0036 GJ / kWh | 2,538.8496 GJ (atau 1,691.86 GJ) | 2,539 GJ (atau 1,692 GJ) |
| 3 | Pertamax Fuel (Official Campus Vehicles) | 57,788 Liters | 0.0342 GJ / Liter | 1,976.3553 GJ | 1,976 GJ |
| 4 | Pertamina Dex Fuel (Backup Generators) | 17,147 Liters | 0.0386 GJ / Liter | 661.8820 GJ | 662 GJ |
| Total | All Recorded Energy Sources | — | — | 37,194.0829 GJ | 37,194 GJ (atau 29,944 GJ) |
Historical Comparison and Energy Management
Previously in 2024, UNNES recorded main campus fossil-fuel grid electricity consumption (PT Indonesia Power/PLN) of 7,007,130 kWh (25,226 GJ) alongside 401,369.2 kWh (1,445 GJ) from solar panels. The expanded 2025 energy accounting integrates full-year multi-campus utility bills and operational fuel logs (Pertamax and Pertamina Dex), providing a complete baseline to guide targeted energy efficiency interventions under Rector’s Decree No. B/3669/UN37/HK.02/2024 on Carbon Neutrality by 2045.
Institutional Policies and Supporting Evidence
This energy accounting report is supported by verified PLN monthly electricity billing records, online solar PV inverter monitoring logs, institutional fuel consumption ledgers (Pertamax and Pertamina Dex), and Rector’s Decree No. B/3669/UN37/HK.02/2024.
