Dosen FISIP UNNES Perkuat Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Gunungpati dan Mijen

Universitas Negeri Semarang > Faculty of Social Sciences and Political Science > Berita > Dosen FISIP UNNES Perkuat Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Gunungpati dan Mijen

Dosen Departemen Geografi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Negeri Semarang (FISIP UNNES), Wahid Akhsin Budi Nur Sidiq, S.Pd., M.Sc., bersama tim melaksanakan rangkaian pemetaan, pengecekan lapangan, dan asesmen kesesuaian lahan pertanian berkelanjutan di Kota Semarang. Kegiatan difokuskan pada kawasan pertanian di Kecamatan Gunungpati dan Mijen sebagai bagian dari upaya menjaga keberlanjutan sumber daya tanah dan mencegah alih fungsi lahan produktif.

Tim melakukan pengamatan langsung pada kawasan pertanian, berdialog dengan pengelola lahan dan pemerintah setempat, serta mengidentifikasi kondisi tanah yang menjadi faktor penting dalam mempertahankan produktivitas lahan.

Kawasan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (KP2B) Kota Semarang yang telah ditetapkan mencapai sekitar 2.602 hektare, terdiri atas sekitar 1.633 hektare Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (LP2B) dan 969 hektare Lahan Cadangan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (LCP2B) yang tersebar di tujuh kecamatan.

Perlindungan kawasan pertanian menjadi penting di tengah meningkatnya kebutuhan lahan untuk permukiman dan aktivitas perkotaan. Melalui pemetaan lapangan, tim mengidentifikasi kondisi pemanfaatan lahan sekaligus mencermati kawasan yang berpotensi mengalami perubahan fungsi agar keberadaan lahan produktif tetap dapat dipertahankan.

Salah satu rangkaian kegiatan dilaksanakan pada 24 April 2025 melalui pengujian terhadap 13 sampel tanah dari kawasan pertanian di Gunungpati dan Mijen. Delapan sampel berasal dari lahan Teger dan lima sampel lainnya berasal dari lahan Salakan. Pemeriksaan dilakukan terhadap tekstur tanah, karbon organik, kapasitas tukar kation, kalium, natrium, kalsium, magnesium, serta unsur hara makro dan mikro.

Pada lahan Teger, kondisi tanah secara umum menunjukkan tingkat kesesuaian yang cukup baik untuk pengembangan jagung. Kondisi pH tanah dan kapasitas tukar kation menjadi faktor pendukung, sementara kandungan nitrogen, fosfor, dan karbon organik masih memerlukan perhatian dalam pengelolaan lahan.

Kondisi serupa ditemukan di lahan Salakan yang secara umum mendukung pengembangan tanaman padi. Meski demikian, kandungan karbon organik dan ketersediaan kalium perlu dikelola agar kesuburan tanah dan produktivitas lahan tetap terjaga dalam jangka panjang.

Berdasarkan kondisi lapangan tersebut, pengelolaan lahan diarahkan pada praktik yang lebih berkelanjutan, antara lain melalui penggunaan pupuk hayati, rotasi tanaman, pemeriksaan kondisi tanah secara berkala, serta pengelolaan irigasi yang sesuai dengan karakteristik lahan.

Pemetaan kawasan juga menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar lahan pertanian yang diamati di Kecamatan Gunungpati dan Mijen masih sesuai dengan peruntukan ruang yang telah ditetapkan Pemerintah Kota Semarang. Namun, kawasan pertanian di wilayah pinggiran perlu terus mendapat perhatian karena berhadapan dengan tekanan perubahan penggunaan lahan.

Kegiatan pemetaan dan asesmen lapangan ini menjadi salah satu bentuk kontribusi akademisi dalam mendukung perlindungan lahan produktif. Informasi mengenai kondisi tanah dan pemanfaatan ruang dapat digunakan untuk menentukan pengelolaan lahan yang lebih tepat sekaligus mencegah degradasi dan penyusutan kawasan pertanian.

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