Pendidikan Seni Beri Cara Pandang Unik

Seni memiliki posisi dan potensi kuat sebagai sarana penanaman dan pengembangan nilai-nilai budaya. Pendidikan seni mempunyai posisi strategis karena memberikan pengalaman serta tumbuhnya apresiasi dan pengetahuan tentang seni yang memungkinkan berkembangnya suatu cara pandang yang unik tentang sesuatu dalam konteks yang luas.

Prof Dr Tjetjep Rohendi Rohidi mengatakan itu saat menjadi narasumber Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Seni “Paradigma Pendidikan Seni: Telaah Filosofis, Ideologis, dan Pragmatis”, Rabu (23/10) di Dekanat Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Semarang(FBS Unnes) kampus Sekaran.

“Cara pandang itu tidak dapat ditempuh melalui cara-cara dalam pendidikan lain. Yakni penyampai kebenaran imajinasi, emosi, dan spiritual,” kata Prof Tjetjep yang juga Ketua Program Studi Pendidikan Seni S2-S3 Unnes itu.

Namun dalam perkembangan, kata Prof Tjetjep, pendidikan seni di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun mengalami berbagai perubahan dalam hal konsep, istilah, substansi, serta tujuan seiring dengan perkembangan kondisi politik, sosial, dan ekonomi. “Perkembangan pendidikan seni sejak periode awal (1930-1945) hingga tahun 2000-an belum mengintegrasikan aspek nilai-nilai kebudayaan. Pendidikan seni masih berorientasi pada pengembangan skill menggambar dan kerajinan,” ungkapnya.

Sekalipun sekarang pendidikan seni hadir dengan muatan kebudayaan sebagai landasan kontekstual, lebih jelas ideologinya, dan nilai-nilai budaya sebagai akar jati diri bangsa dimasukkan ke dalam pendidika seni, keberadaannya masih belum jelas, terutama menyangkut bentuk pengintegrasiannya. “Bahkan dalam pelaksanaan di lapangan hanya mendapat perhatian ala kadarnya, kurang waktu, serta miskin sarana dan prasarana,” kata Prof Tjetjep.

Senada dengan Prof Tjetjep, Prof Sofyan Salam PhD dari Universitas Negeri Makassar (UNM) menyampaiakan, pendidikan seni di sekolah memiliki justifikasi yang kuat sehingga keberadaannya dibutuhkan. “Manfaat pendidikan seni pada pribadi anak terletak pada sumbangannya terhadap perkembangan anak yang memungkinkannya menjadi manusia yang utuh, mandiri, dan bertanggung jawab,” katanya.

Namun, kata Prof Salam yang juga Pembantu Rektor I UNM,  manfaatnya baru dapat dirasakan setelah waktu lama yakni setelah anak menjadi dewasa dan mampu memberikan sumbangan nyata berkat keproduktifan dan kepekaan rasa yang dimilikinya.

Menurutnya, pendidikan seni di sekolah umum (SD, SMP, SMA, dan sekolah kejuruan nonseni)  tidak untuk menghasilkan tenaga profesional di bidang seni. “Tapi dalam kenyataannya pendidikan seni itu diajarkan berdasarkan berbagai pertimbangan karena seni berpotensi mencapai berbagai tujuan baik untuk kepentingan masyarakat, negara, mau pun perseorangan yang bersifat fisik atau kejiwaan,” katanya.

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