Hasil UN Bahasa Indonesia Belum Memuaskan

Hasil ujian nasional (UN) bahasa Indonesia, baik pada tingkat SMP maupun SMA belum menggembirakan. Bukan karena pelajaran itu sulit, tapi karena peserta didik belum mempelajarinya dengan sungguh-sungguh.

Pernyataan tersebut mengemuka dalam seminar nasional Stategi Menyongsong Ujian Nasional Bahasa Indonesia 2012, Minggu (4/12) di gedung B6 Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni (FBS) Unnes. Acara yang diselenggarakan Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia tersebut menghadirkan pembicara Prof Rustono MHum, Prof Mungin Eddy Wibowo, dan Mukh Doyin MSi.

Dalam aspek sastra, Mukh Doyin mengemukakan, berdasarkan hasil UN 2011 pemahaman tentang amanat puisi, tema prosa dan sudut pandang prosa belum dikuasai siswa. “Persoalan istilah kadang menjadi masalah bagi anak. Dalam soal-soal UN banyak digunakan istilah yang sesungguhnya memiliki maksud sama,” tandasnya.

Dia mencontohkan dalam apresiasi puisi, istilah tema sering dicampuradukkan dengan topik, isi, dan makna. Istilah amanat atau pesan sering disamakan dengan maksud, tujuan, dan visi atau bahkan misi. “Oleh karena itu, mengenalkan istilah kepada anak menjadi langkah penting yang harus kita tempuh, supaya anak tidak bingung dalam memahami puisi,” katanya.

Sedangkan Rustono menyatakan bahwa kompetensi dasar yang sebenarnya ringan namun terkadang menjadi sulit bagi siswa adalah ketika menyimpulkan isi berita atau teks, menyimpulkan gagasan, menemukan informasi dari tabel, dan menemukan gagasan pada teks. ”Kesulitan tersebut bisa dipecahkan dengan kiat menemukan gagasan utama dengan segera untuk memahaminya secara utuh,” kata mantan Dekan FBS itu.

Kesulitan lain yang dapat diselesaikan dengan cara sama, lanjut Rustono, adalah mengubah sajian grafik, tabel, atau bagan, menulis karya ilmiah sederhana, membedakan fakta dan opini, dan menemukan masalah utama dari beberapa berita yang bertopik sama.

Rustono menambahkan, ada beberapa kiat dalam menjawab pertanyaan UN, di antaranya adalah menguasai dengan baik kaidah kebahasaan, memahami soal, dan membaca soal sekilas kemudian mencermatinya kembali. “Selain itu siswa haruslah menggunakan penalaran yang tajam agar tidak terkecoh permainan kata,” tandasnya.

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