Menata Harapan dari Balik Lapas: PKM-RSH UNNES Mengungkap Proses Adaptasi dan Reintegrasi Sosial Warga Binaan

Universitas Negeri Semarang/Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan dan Psikologi/Berita/Menata Harapan dari Balik Lapas: PKM-RSH UNNES Mengungkap Proses Adaptasi dan Reintegrasi Sosial Warga Binaan

SEMARANG – Lapas Perempuan Kelas IIA Semarang terus mengembangkan berbagai program pembinaan dan pemberdayaan untuk mempersiapkan warga binaan kembali kepada keluarga dan masyarakat setelah menjalani masa pidana. Program tersebut mencakup pelatihan menjahit, tata boga, kerajinan tangan, membatik, tata rias, pengelolaan greenhouse, kegiatan produktif, serta pembinaan keagamaan. Berbagai upaya tersebut menjadikan Lapas Perempuan Semarang sebagai salah satu rujukan praktik baik dalam penyelenggaraan pemasyarakatan. Setelah meraih predikat Wilayah Birokrasi Bersih dan Melayani (WBBM) pada 2020, lapas ini juga beberapa kali menjadi lokasi studi tiru dan mendapatkan apresiasi dari berbagai pihak atas upaya pemenuhan hak, perlindungan, dan pemberdayaan perempuan.

Gambaran tersebut diperkuat oleh penelitian Tim Program Kreativitas Mahasiswa Riset Sosial Humaniora (PKM-RSH) Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) pada 2026. Tim yang terdiri atas Shafa Azzahrah Waluyo, Jenyes Intan Sururoh, Tri Lutfi Tasdiqu Zaman, Putri Noorfia Khairunnisaa, dan Muhammad Khansa Al Aflah, dengan pendampingan dosen Achmad Miftachul ‘Ilmi, M.Pd., melakukan penelitian terhadap 10 perempuan warga binaan di Lapas Perempuan Kelas IIA Semarang.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masa pidana tidak hanya menghadirkan keterbatasan, tetapi juga menjadi proses penyesuaian, refleksi, dan perubahan cara pandang warga binaan terhadap diri maupun kehidupan di lapas. Persepsi awal yang menakutkan dapat berubah setelah mereka beradaptasi dan mengikuti berbagai kegiatan pembinaan.

“Pikirku mesti menakutkan. Antarwarga binaan mesti ada yang pukul-pukulan karena di TV kan kayak gitu. Setelah tahu, ternyata enggak seseram itu,” ungkap IK-04.

Keluarga, spiritualitas, keterampilan, aktivitas bermakna, dan relasi sosial juga menjadi sumber kekuatan bagi warga binaan. Keluarga bahkan menjadi alasan penting untuk bertahan dan membangun harapan setelah bebas. “Yang paling berat itu jauh dari anak,” ungkap IK-06.

Temuan tersebut menegaskan bahwa pembinaan di lapas berperan dalam mengembangkan keterampilan, menumbuhkan harapan, dan mempersiapkan warga binaan kembali ke masyarakat. Namun, keberhasilan reintegrasi sosial juga membutuhkan dukungan keluarga dan masyarakat, pengurangan stigma, serta kesempatan untuk bekerja dan berkarya agar perubahan positif selama pembinaan dapat terus berlanjut.

Tim PKM-RSH UNNES menegaskan bahwa reintegrasi sosial membutuhkan kesinambungan antara pembinaan di lapas dan penerimaan masyarakat. Upaya ini sejalan dengan SDG 3 (Kehidupan Sehat dan Sejahtera), SDG 5 (Kesetaraan Gender), SDG 8 (Pekerjaan Layak dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi), SDG 10 (Berkurangnya Kesenjangan), serta SDG 16 (Perdamaian, Keadilan, dan Kelembagaan yang Tangguh).

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